Theory Marks: 80
Diversities in Plant kingdom Marks: 40
4 Credit
1. What is diversity? Plants through geological history; Plants of the past and present.
2. Classification systems of Plant Kingdom.
3. Major characteristic features of the major Plant Divisions.
4. Morphology, ecology, distribution, adaptation and methods of reproduction of the following plant groups:
(a) Prokaryotes, (b) Algae, (c) Fungi and Lichens, (d) Bryophytes, (e) Pteridophytes,
(f) Gymnosperms, (g) Angiosperms with typical examples from each
group.
5. Phytoplankton and benthic algae (freshwater to marine) and their importance.
6. Importance of the microbes (biological and industrial)
7. Plants and environments: Plant diversity in relation to environmental factors, e.g., light, temperature, water, habitats, atmospheric gases, seasonal changes and natural catastrophe. 8. Plant Pathology: Definition of disease in plants; causes of plant diseases; how do plant pathogens cause disease in plants; kinds and amount of losses owing to plant diseases; Koch's postulates and use of Koch's postulates in the diagnosis of plant diseases; plant disease control through cultural and chemical methods; study of some common plant diseases caused by plant viruses (Tobacco mosaic disease), bacteria (Bacterial blight of rice) and fungi (Late blight of potato, Powdery mildew of cucurbits, Stem rust of wheat).
Plant Physiology Marks: 401. Mineral nutrition of plants: Role and deficiency symptoms of essential elements.2. Photosynthesis: (a) The light reaction phase transformation of light energy into chemical energy in plastids (b) The chemical reaction phase; Different kinds of chemical reactions: C3, C4 and CAM pathways (c) The importance of photosynthesis for the existence of the biological world.3. Respiration: Mechanism of aerobic and anaerobic respiration, Glycolysis, Kreb's Cycle and electron Transport System (with structural formula and enzymes involved), Fermentation,4. Nitrogen Metabolism: (a) The nitrogen fixation - the physical and biological nitrogen fixation, (b) The nitrogen cycle5. Plant growth regulating substances: Classification, examples and physiological effects; importance of growth regulators in the growth and development of plants and plant parts.6. Physiology of flowering: (a) Photoperiodism: role of phytochrome, light and dark periods, (b) Vernalization: role of low temperature with special reference to winter wheat.* and Election rampart system (with structural formula and engymei invoked) fermentationPractical Marks: 20Diversities in Plant Kingdom1. At the beginning all the students should be taken outside the department to study the plants in nature (algae to angiosperms) within/around the university campus. They will see plants adapted to different habitats and identify herbs, shrubs, trees, climbers, epiphytes, sub-aerial, terrestrial, aquatic plants etc. in the laboratory to see what organisms are present.2. Study of phytoplankton (both fresh water and marine) at least one or two examples from Cyanophyceae, Volvocales, chlorococcales, Desmidiales, Diatoms, Euglenales and dinoflagellates-3. Study of algae: Aquatic Ulothrin, Oedogonium, Cladophora, Stigeoclonium, Chara/Nitella, Sargassum, Polysiphonia.
Terrestrial - Fritschiella, Vaucheria/Botrydium, Nostoc. Subacrial -Trentipohila, Scytonema.4. Study of lichens: Crustose, foliose and fruticose types.5. Study of hepatics: Riccia, Marchantia, Anthoceros (habitat, details of thallus and sex organs).6. Study of pteridophytes: Mersilea and Pteris.7. Study of angiosperms: (a) Herbs, shrubs, trees, climbers, epiphytes, sciophytes, heliophytes; (b) differences between dicot and monocot leaves and flowers; stems and leaves; (c) study of the families poaceae (Gramineae), Orchidaceae, Nymphaceae, Leguminosae and Compositae.8. Study of plant diseases covered in the theory course and fungi causing damage to food stuff, leather and cotton fabrics.9. To demonstrate the culturing of fungi and preparation of Bordeaux mixture.Plant Physiology1. Experiment to demonstrate the effect of different intensities of light on the rate of photosynthesis.2. Experiment to prove light and CO2 are essential for photosynthesis.3. Transverse sections of C3 and C4 plant leaves to identify Kraz Anatomy of C4 plant leaves.4. Experiment to demonstrate presence of nodules in the roots of leguminous plant; section and maceration of nodules, and to observe nodule forming bacteria and bacteroids.5. To demonstrate the herbicidal effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid on dicotyledonus and monocotyledonous plants.6. To observe short day, long day and day neutral plants at differentseasons and to record the name of plants.
Pantha Mojumder [9th Batch]