1. Introduction:
An Introduction to investment, Security Analysis, Security Security Analysis, portfolio and
portfolio Management.
2. Investment Background:
a) Investment Setting: Investment, Distinguishing Investment from Gambling and Speculation,
Business Investment and Financial Investment, Measures of Return, Risk (Interest rate risk,
purchasing power risk, Bull-bear market risk, Management risk, Default risk, Liquidity Risk,
Callability risk, Convertibility risk, Taxability risk, political risk or country risk, Industry risk,
and Additional risk) and Their Measures, Determinants of Required Rates of Return,
Relationship between return and Risk.
b) Asset Allocation Decision: Individual Investor Life Cycle, the portfolio Management process,
Investorâs policy statement (Need, Inputs â Objectives, Constraints, Construction), Importance
of Asset Allocation.
c) Selecting Investment in a Global Market: Reasons for Choosing Global Investments, Global
Investments Choices.
d) Organization and Functioning of Securities Markets: Markets, Financial Markets, primary
Capital Markets, Secondary Capital Markets,â Definition, importance, Secondary Bond
Markets, Financial Futures, Secondary Equity Markets; Regional Exchanges Markets and over
the-Counter Market, Detailed Analysis of Exchange Markets â How Securities Are Traded,
Types of Orders.
e) Security- Use of Security-Market Indexes, Construction of Security- Market Indexes, Stock
Market Indicator series (price-Weighed, Value- Weighed and Unweighed), bond Market
Indicator series, Composite Stock-Bond indexes, Comparison of Indexes over Time.
f) Sources of information on Global Investments.
3. Developments Investment Theory:
a) Efficient Capital markets: meaning of Efficient markets, why Capital C should Be Efficient,
random Walk hypothesis and Efficient markets Theory in Terms i\of fair Game model,
Alternative Efficient markets hypothesis (EMH) â Weak-Form, Semistrong-form and strong-
Form Efficient markets hypothesis, implications of Efficient Capital markets.
b) portfolio Management: Utility Theory and Attitude toward Risk â Meaning of portfolio and
portfolio Management, optimum portfolio and portfolio Theory â Markowitz portfolio Theory:
Assumptions, measures of Risk and Return for an individual investment and a portfolio âA
Two Asset Portfolio- A Three Asset Portfolio- Multi Asset Portfolio â The Efficient Frontier â
investor Utility â Dominance principle and Optimum portfolio.
c) Asset prancing models: an Overview of Capital Market Theory: background, Risk-free Asset
and Combining it with Risky Assets, market portfolio, diversification and the Elimination of
Unsystematic Risk, the Capital Market line (CML) and Risk Measures â Capital Asset
prancing Model (CAPM) â Assumptions, Expected Return and Risk on a Risky Asst, the
Security Market line (SML) , Identifying Undervalued and overvalued Assets, Calculating
Systematic Risk, Empirical Tests of the CAPM, Extensions of the CAPM : Index Model- A
Single-Index security Market (Systematic Riskvs. Firm-Specific Risk, Estimating the Index
Model, the Index Model and diversification), The CAPM and the Index Model, Industry
Version of the Index Model, Predicting Betas, Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) â Assumptions,
the Theory, Well Diversified Portfolios and the APT, Individual Asset and the APT, A
Multifactor APT, Empirical Tests of the APT.
d) An Introduction to derivative markets and Securities and use of derivatives in portfolio
Management: meaning of derivative markets and derivative Securities â Types of derivative
Securities (Basic derivatives, Combination derivatives, packages of derivatives and embedded
derivatives) â Language and Structure of Forward and Futures Markets and Option Markets â
An Introduction to Using derivatives in portfolio Management.
4. Valuation Principles and Practices:
An Introduction to Security Valuation: Valuation process Theory of Valuation, Valuation of
Alternative Investments: bonds, preferred Stock and Common Stock-Approaches to the Valuation of
Common Stock: Discounted Cash Flow Valuation Techniques and Relative Valuation Techniques-
Estimating the Inputs (Required Rate of Return and Expected Growth Rate of Valuation Variables);
Analysis of Alternative Economies and Security Markets.
5. Analysis and Management of Bonds:
Bonds Fundamentals - Analysis and Valuation of bonds: Fundamentals of bonds Valuation (present
value model and yield model), Computing bond yields, bond Valuation, price Volatility for Bonds â
Bond portfolio management Strategies: Alternative Bond portfolio Strategies: passive management
Strategies, active Management Strategies, Global Fixed â income Investment Strategies, Matched
Funding Techniques, Contingent procedures.
6. Analysis of Common Stock:
Stock Market Analysis â macroeconomic and Industry Analysis â Company Analysis and Stock
Selection - Technical Analysis â Equity portfolio Management Strategies.
7. Derivative Securities Analysis:
Forward and Futures Contracts: An Overview of Forward and Futures Trading, Valuation of Forward
and Futures â Option Contracts: An Overview of Option Markets and Contracts, Option Valuation â
Swap Contracts, Convertible Securities, and Other Embedded Securities.
8. Investment Companies and Evaluating Portfolio Performance:
a) Professional Asset Management: The Asset Management Industry, Managing Client portfolios â making Investment Decisions, Constraints, Asset Allocation in a portfolio (Equity, Debt and
cash and Cash Equivalent) â Management of Investment Companies â Closed-End vs. Open
End Investment Companies, Types of Investment Companies Based on portfolio Makeup,
Global Investment Companies, performance of Investment Companies.
b) Evaluation of portfolio performance: performance Measures: Sharpeâs Measures, Treynorâs
Measure, Jensenâs Measure, and Appraisal Ratio; Relationship the Various performance
Measures.