When two or more devices connected through links, there is a term called "physical topology". So, what do you mean by this term? Write the advantages and the disadvantages of those topologies. For n devices in a network, what is the number of cable links required for each of those topologies?

A nonperiodic composite signal has a bandwidth of 100 kHz, with a middle frequency of 140 kHz and peak amplitude of 20 V. The two extreme frequencies have an amplitude of 0. Draw the frequency domain of the signal.

Explain in detail about the decomposition of a composite periodic signal in the time and frequency domains.

What is line encoding schemes? draw the digital signal of the following bit stream by the following schemes: polar NRZ-I, polar RZ, polar-biphase(differential Manchester), and multilevel 2B1Q.

111001001

What is SNR and how to calculate it? a signal with 200 milliwatts power passes through 10 devices, each with an average noise of 2 microwatts. What is the SNR? What is the SNR_dB?

Please do an analogue to digital (ADC) conversion process of the following sampled signal using pulse code modulation (PCM) method and find out the digital data.